Order control · inspection release

Pre-shipment inspection in China

A pre-shipment inspection is useful only when the inspector sees the right lot, selects units independently, checks the buyer’s actual requirements, and returns enough evidence for a release decision. Booking “standard inspection” without those controls can produce a polished report about the wrong question.

Before

Define readiness and scope

On site

Protect access and evidence

After

Separate finding from release

Editorial status
Source-checked buyer guide
Last reviewed

Research basis: The current ISO 2859-1:2026 record, ASQ acceptance-sampling material, CPSC representative-sample guidance, and ISO supply-chain quality guidance.

Boundary: This guide does not choose inspection levels or AQL values, reproduce licensed sampling tables, establish product compliance, approve a shipment, or replace product-specific engineering and regulatory review.

Direct answer

Treat inspection as a contract gate, not a photo service

The purchase order should identify when inspection may occur, which specification and approved sample apply, how the lot is formed, what the inspector can access, which checks are required, how defects are classified, and who may release payment or shipment. The inspection company reports findings; the buyer makes the commercial disposition under the contract.

Define a readiness gate instead of copying a completion percentage

There is no universal completion percentage that fits every product and inspection scope. A buyer checking final packaging and shipping marks needs representative finished cartons. A buyer investigating an assembly process may need an earlier in-process visit. Write observable readiness conditions rather than relying on “inspection near completion.”

  • Defined PO lot and variant quantities are available
  • Production and packing status are recorded by SKU
  • Finished goods are not mixed with rejected or unfinished units
  • Cartons, labels, manuals and accessories are available where in scope
  • The inspector can select cartons and units without factory preselection
  • Required gauges, fixtures and safe test conditions are confirmed

Send an inspection brief that can survive a shift change

ControlMinimum instructionEvidence expected
IdentityFactory, supplier, PO, SKU and revisionOpening meeting record and product/lot photos
LotQuantity, variants, production dates and locationAvailable/packed quantities and carton map
SamplingNamed scheme, edition, plan inputs and selection methodSelected cartons/units and sampling calculation
ChecksCharacteristic, method, tolerance, equipment and countActual readings, photos and unresolved limitations
DefectsProduct-specific catalogue and classificationCounts reconciled to defect photos and units
ReleaseNotification, hold and disposition authorityReport status separate from buyer approval

A controlled on-site sequence

  1. 01

    Confirm identity

    Record the site, responsible contacts, supplier and factory relationship, PO, product and current revision before opening cartons.

  2. 02

    Count the presented lot

    Reconcile finished, packed and available quantities by SKU. Record missing, unfinished, quarantined or inaccessible goods.

  3. 03

    Select independently

    Choose across carton locations and variants according to the defined method. Factory-presented samples do not represent the lot.

  4. 04

    Execute exact checks

    Use specified instruments, test conditions, units, sample counts and acceptance criteria. Mark unavailable or unsafe tests as open—not passed.

  5. 05

    Close without bargaining

    Reconcile findings and let the supplier comment, but preserve the observed result. Commercial concessions belong in the buyer’s later disposition.

Sampling boundary

AQL is one part of PSI—not a replacement for the brief

Acceptance sampling can support decisions about defined defect classes in a defined lot. It does not decide which requirements matter, prove that hidden or regulated characteristics comply, or guarantee that every unit is good. Use the current standard edition and controlled plan inputs; keep critical safety and regulatory tests in their own evidence path.

Read the AQL planning guide

Read the report as an evidence package

Reconcile first

  • Does the inspected lot match the order?
  • Were all variants and required stages available?
  • Do sample and defect counts reconcile?
  • Do photos identify the actual product and carton?

Then test the conclusion

  • Were any checks omitted, substituted or constrained?
  • Are actual readings shown—not only “pass”?
  • Were supplier corrections made during inspection?
  • Does the summary preserve every open issue?

Choose a failed-lot path without rewriting the result

A failure can lead to containment, sorting, rework, replacement, a new random inspection, a documented concession or rejection. The choice depends on defect severity, root cause, available time, contract terms and destination requirements. Do not ask the inspector to relabel a defect because the shipment is late.

Release only when four records agree

Order: current specification, sample and purchase terms

Inspection: lot, method, evidence and findings

Correction: containment, rework and verification where needed

Approval: named buyer decision and remaining exceptions

Public source citations

Scope boundary: a PSI describes sampled evidence at a time and place. It does not establish continuous production control, legal compliance, shipment condition after handling, or the quality of every unit.